Sturm comparison theorems via Picone-type inequalities for some nonlinear elliptic type equations with damped terms

In this paper, we establish a Picone-type inequality for a class of some nonlinear elliptic type equations with damped terms, and obtain Sturmian comparison theorems using the Picone-type inequality. As an application by using comparison theorem oscillation result and Wirtinger-type inequality are given

Oscillation criteria for nonlinear delay differential equations of second order

We prove oscillation theorems for the nonlinear delay differential equation $\left( \left\vert y^{\prime }(t)\right\vert ^{\alpha -2}y^{\prime}(t)\right) ^{\prime }+q(t)\left\vert y(\tau (t))\right\vert ^{\beta-2}y(\tau (t))=0, t\geq t_{\ast }>0,$ where $\beta >1,$ $\alpha >1,$ $q(t)\geq 0$ and locally integrable on $[t_{\ast },\infty ),$ $\tau (t)$ is a continuous function satisfiying $0<\tau (t)\leq t$ and lim$_{t\rightarrow \infty }\tau (t)=\infty .$ The results obtained essentially improve the known results in the literature and can be applied to linear and half-linear delay type differential equations

Volume CXVIII, Number 8, November 10, 2000

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the degree of variation of hydronephrosis by hydration in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Material and Methods: Patients with antenatally diagnosed UPJO who admitted in a three months period were evaluated in terms of variation in sonographic findings for hydronephrosis. Serial renal ultrasounds were carried out before and after hydration considering parameters for hydronephrosis. Parameters evaluated on each ultrasound included degree of hydronephrosis, maximum anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis (mAPD) and anteroposterior pelvic diameter at hilum (hAPD), renal parenchymal thickness, dimensions of both kidneys, grade of hydronephrosis and the volume of the bladder. Results: Eleven children with unilateral hydronephrosis due to UPJO were evaluated. There were 10 males and 1 female at a mean age of 10.3 (3-30) months. The mean value of mAPD before hydration was 19.3±4.3 and increased to 21.3±4.6 mm (9.6% increase) after hydration showing a statistically significant difference (p=0.006). The corresponding measurements for hAPD before and after hydration were 14.5±3.6 mm and 14.6±3.4 mm respectively (p=0.846). Parenchymal thickness before and after hydration were 7.2±0.53 and 6.9±0.44 respectively which also showed no statistical significance (p=0.335). Hydration was found to have no significant effect on the parameters examined of contralateral kidney. Conclusion: The commonly used ultrasonographic parameters in the follow-up examination of hydronephrotic kidneys are prone to hydration effects. Among these parameters hAPD seems to be less affected. Copyright © 2013 by Türkiye Klinikleri

Evaluation of oxidative stress using exhaled breath 8-isoprostane levels on chronic kidney disease

Background: There have been limited numbers of studies on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to determine oxidative stress in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Those two studies have been carried out on hemodialysis patients, and hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide have been studied in order to show oxidative stress on EBC.Aims: We investigated oxidative stress in EBC evaluating 8.isoprostane levels on different stages of CKD.Materials and Methods: A total of 81 patients with 2-4 CKD stages have been evaluated prospectively. The patients have been categorized into three groups according to their CKD stages. For biochemical analysis, blood and breathing air samples were taken. 8.-isoprostane has been measured using immunoassay method as the indicator of oxidative stress in EBC.Results: 8-isoprostane values were 8.19 ± 4.56, 13.89 ± 8.70, and 14.20 ± 10.68 pg/min group 1, 2, and 3, respectively; and the EBC 8-isoprostane levels increased significantly as CKD stages advanced (P = 0.018). There was a statistically significant reverse correlation between 8-isoprostane and glomerular filtration rate (GFR; r = .0.275; P = 0.014), but not between 8-isoprostane and Creactive protein (r = .0.183; P = 0.177).Conclusions: We determined the level of 8-isoprostane in EBC of patients with different stages of CKD and showed that the level of 8-isoprostane significantly increased through the progress of CKD. We consider that our study is important because there have been limited number of studies that evaluate oxidative stress in CKD using EBC which is a noninvasive method.Key words: 8-isoprostane, chronic kidney disease, exhaled breath condensate, oxidative stres

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis–specific quality of life–short form (ALSSQOL‐SF): A brief, reliable, and valid version of the ALSSQOL‐R

Introduction: The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)‐Specific Quality of Life instrument and its revised version (ALSSQOL and ALSSQOL‐R) have strong psychometric properties, and have demonstrated research and clinical utility. In this study we aimed to develop a short form (ALSSQOL‐SF) suitable for limited clinic time and patient stamina. Methods: The ALSSQOL‐SF was created using Item Response Theory and confirmatory factor analysis on 389 patients. A cross‐validation sample of 162 patients assessed convergent, divergent, and construct validity of the ALSSQOL‐SF compared with psychosocial and physical functioning measures. Results: The ALSSQOL‐SF consisted of 20 items. Compared with the ALSSQOL‐R, optimal precision was retained, and completion time was reduced from 15–25 minutes to 2–4 minutes. Psychometric properties for the ALSSQOL‐SF and its subscales were strong. Discussion: The ALSSQOL‐SF is a disease‐specific global QOL instrument that has a short administration time suitable for clinical use, and can provide clinically useful, valid information about persons with ALS. Muscle Nerve 58: 646–654, 2018Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146574/1/mus26203_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/146574/2/mus26203.pd

Sodium bicarbonate ingestion and individual variability in time to peak pH

The aim of this study was to determine the individual variability in time to peak pH after the consumption of a 300mg.kg-1 dose of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Seventeen active males volunteered to participate in the study (mean ± SD: age 21.38 ± 1.5y; mass 75.8 ± 5.8kg; height 176.8 ± 7.6cm). Participants reported to the laboratory where a resting capillary blood sample was taken aseptically from the fingertip. After this, 300 mg.kg-1 of NaHCO3 in 400ml of water with 50ml of flavoured cordial was ingested. Participants then rested for 90 min during which repeated blood samples were procured at 10 minute intervals for 60 mins and then every 5 min until 90 min. Blood pH concentrations were measured using a blood gas analyser. Results suggested that time to peak pH (64.41±18.78 min) was highly variable with a range of 10-85 min and a coefficient of variation of 29.16%. A bi-modal distribution occurred, at 65 and 75 min. In conclusion, researchers and athletes, when using NaHCO3 as an ergogenic aid, should determine, in advance their time to peak pH to best utilise the added buffering capacity this substance allows